Russian coriander, commonly referred to as cilantro or Chinese parsley, is an herb closely associated with the seeds known as coriander. It belongs to the botanical family Apiaceae and is widely used both for its aromatic leaves and its seeds. The scent profile of Russian coriander is distinctive and complex. The leaves exude a fresh, tart, and almost citrus-like aroma, which some find invigorating while others may find it slightly soapy due to the aldehyde compounds present. This variation in perception makes cilantro a unique and sometimes polarizing herb in culinary applications.
On the other hand, coriander seeds - the dried fruits of the same plant - offer a different scent profile compared to the leaves. The seeds have a warm, spicy, and nutty aroma with hints of orange or lemon, providing a sweet and earthy tone. This contrast between the leaf and seed scents allows Russian coriander to contribute a versatile range of flavors and aromas in various dishes, from savory to sweet. It's widely used across many cuisines worldwide, including Latin American, Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, and Asian, enhancing the depth and complexity of flavor profiles.